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\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0443.","articleBody":"\u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f Samba \u043d\u0430 Ubuntu 20.04. \u0428\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 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\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 10.8.0.1 \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 Samba \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b Samba \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438: \/etc\/samba\/smb.conf \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b 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\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0439 soho-\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445. \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e, \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f: \u0418 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445: \u0414\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f var \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 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\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0445. \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430, \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 nano. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b: \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e: \u4e00 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430, \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438; comment Directory anonimus \u4e00 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439; path \/var\/anonimus_share \u4e00 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f; public yes \u4e00 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c; writable yes \u4e00 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441; read only no \u4e00 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b no \u4e00 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432; guest ok yes \u4e00 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438; create mask 0775; directory mask 0775; force create mode 0775; force directory mode 0775. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c: \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430 Samba: \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0443 \u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Windows. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043d\/\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430: \u0412\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438: \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432: \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0435. \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445: path \/var\/acc_pass \u4e00 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438; public no \u4e00 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0435; guest ok no \u4e00 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f Samba: \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438: \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043d\/\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c. \u0412\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438: \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f. \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430: \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432: \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b: \u4e00 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430, \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438; comment acc_gr_and_user \u4e00 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439; path \/var\/acc_gr_and_user \u4e00 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f; public no \u4e00 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0435; writable no \u0438 read only yes \u4e00 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043c\u044b \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435 write list, \u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435; guest ok no \u4e00 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438; valid users vlan48, selectel, @groupe1 \u4e00 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u0433\u0434\u0435 vlan48, selectel \u4e00\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u0430 @groupe1 \u4e00\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. write list selectel \u4e00 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438; create mask 0775; directory mask 0775; force create mode 0775; force directory mode 0775; \u042d\u0442\u0438 4 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430. inherit owner yes \u4e00 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0421\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430 Samba: \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0443 \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Windows \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a. \u0411\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0448 Ctrl+E. \u0412\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u041f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 Windows \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0448, \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0443 \u4e00 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0448. \u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 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\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043a\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0443. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 Samba \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u043a\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0441 \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430. Linux \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c Linux-\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442 cifs. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c cifs-\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 Ubuntu. \u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438: \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a: \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 anonimus_share, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0435 10.8.0.1 \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e mnt: \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 fstab. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 root. \u0412\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b: \u0421\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443 fstab. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439: \u041a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442: \/\/10.8.0.1\/acc_gr_and_user \u4e00 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c; \/mnt \u4e00 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c; cifs user \u4e00 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e; rw \u4e00 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c; credentials\/root\/.smbselus \u4e00 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f; 0 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 dump 0 \u4e00 \u0432\u044b\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d; 0 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 fsck 0 \u4e00 \u0432\u044b\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d. \u0412 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0443 domain \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b .smbselus. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0437\u0438\u043d\u044b \u041f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b. \u0412 Samba \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0437\u0438\u043d\u044b. \u0410\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439: \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0437\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430: \u0412\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b: \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432: \u4e00 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430, \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438; comment rec_dir \u4e00 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439; path \/var\/recycle \u4e00 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0430. public yes \u4e00 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c; browseable yes \u4e00 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430; writable yes \u4e00 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441; vfs objects recycle \u4e00 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b recycle; recycle:repository .recycle\/%U \u4e00 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0441 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 .recycle; recycle:keeptree Yes \u4e00 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432; recycle:touch Yes \u4e00 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0443; recycle:versions Yes \u4e00 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438; recycle:maxsize 0 \u4e00 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0443. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430; recycle:exclude *.tmp, ~$* \u4e00 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430; recycle:exclude_dir \/tmp \u4e00 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f Samba. \u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432.","keywords":"","datePublished":"2022-03-31T20:45:00+03:00","dateModified":"2025-09-02T15:49:16+03:00","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"\u0422\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0441","url":"https:\/\/selectel.ru\/blog\/author\/admin\/","sameAs":[],"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/T-Rex_Autor-3-96x96.png","height":96,"width":96}},"editor":{"@type":"Person","name":"\u0422\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0441","url":"https:\/\/selectel.ru\/blog\/author\/admin\/","sameAs":[],"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/T-Rex_Autor-3-96x96.png","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u0410\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f Selectel","url":"https:\/\/selectel.ru\/blog"}}]
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В статье рассказываем, как установить Samba на ОС Ubuntu 20.04, подключить к ресурсам и настроить сетевую корзину. </p>
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|
||
<path d="M1.01946 7.12439C1.2203 7.04158 1.43553 6.99931 1.65277 7V7.0053L5.23542 7.0053V8.17299L1.4023 8.17299C1.34023 8.17345 1.28082 8.19832 1.23693 8.24222C1.19303 8.28611 1.16817 8.34551 1.1677 8.40759L1.1677 12.6004C1.1677 12.6623 1.19218 12.7217 1.23579 12.7656C1.27941 12.8096 1.33862 12.8345 1.40054 12.835L12.6012 12.835C12.663 12.835 12.7222 12.8104 12.7659 12.7668C12.8095 12.7231 12.8341 12.6639 12.8341 12.6021V8.40054C12.8336 8.33862 12.8087 8.2794 12.7647 8.23579C12.7208 8.19218 12.6614 8.1677 12.5995 8.1677V8.17299L8.73542 8.17299V7.0053L12.3525 7.0053C12.5689 7.0053 12.7831 7.04791 12.983 7.1307C13.1829 7.2135 13.3645 7.33485 13.5175 7.48783C13.6705 7.64081 13.7918 7.82243 13.8746 8.02231C13.9574 8.22219 14 8.43642 14 8.65277V12.3569C13.9995 12.7936 13.8258 13.2122 13.5168 13.5207C13.2079 13.8293 12.7892 14.0027 12.3525 14.0027L1.65277 14.0027C1.43613 14.0033 1.22147 13.9613 1.02109 13.8789C0.820717 13.7966 0.638555 13.6755 0.485035 13.5226C0.331515 13.3698 0.209654 13.1881 0.126425 12.9881C0.0431979 12.7881 0.000238518 12.5736 8.22478e-06 12.3569L8.54861e-06 8.65277C-0.00069127 8.43553 0.0415827 8.2203 0.124395 8.01946C0.207206 7.81862 0.328921 7.63614 0.482534 7.48253C0.636147 7.32892 0.818624 7.2072 1.01946 7.12439Z" fill="#9DA7AD"/>
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<span class="share__item-text">Скопировать ссылку</span>
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<div class="share__item" data-action="vk">
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<svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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<path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M1.12471 1.1247C0 2.24943 0 4.0596 0 7.68V8.32C0 11.9404 0 13.7506 1.12471 14.8753C2.24942 16 4.0596 16 7.68 16H8.32C11.9404 16 13.7506 16 14.8753 14.8753C16 13.7506 16 11.9404 16 8.32V7.68C16 4.0596 16 2.24943 14.8753 1.1247C13.7506 0 11.9404 0 8.32 0H7.68C4.0596 0 2.24942 0 1.12471 1.1247ZM2.70003 4.8667C2.7867 9.0267 4.86667 11.5267 8.51333 11.5267H8.72007V9.1467C10.0601 9.28003 11.0733 10.26 11.48 11.5267H13.3734C12.8534 9.63337 11.4866 8.5867 10.6333 8.1867C11.4866 7.69337 12.6866 6.49337 12.9733 4.8667H11.2533C10.8799 6.1867 9.7734 7.3867 8.72007 7.50003V4.8667H7V9.48003C5.93333 9.21337 4.5867 7.92003 4.5267 4.8667H2.70003Z" fill="#092433"/>
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<path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M1.09992 7.07323C5.39488 5.19158 8.25885 3.95109 9.69185 3.35175C13.7834 1.6405 14.6335 1.34323 15.1877 1.33342C15.3095 1.33126 15.5821 1.36163 15.7586 1.50566C15.9076 1.62727 15.9486 1.79156 15.9683 1.90686C15.9879 2.02217 16.0123 2.28483 15.9929 2.49007C15.7712 4.83265 14.8118 10.5175 14.3237 13.1412C14.1172 14.2514 13.7105 14.6236 13.3169 14.66C12.4613 14.7392 11.8116 14.0915 10.9829 13.5453C9.68624 12.6905 8.9537 12.1585 7.69503 11.3244C6.24043 10.3605 7.18338 9.83076 8.01236 8.96497C8.22931 8.73839 11.999 5.29054 12.0719 4.97777C12.0811 4.93865 12.0895 4.79284 12.0034 4.71584C11.9172 4.63885 11.7901 4.66518 11.6983 4.68612C11.5683 4.7158 9.4968 6.09258 5.48389 8.81646C4.89591 9.22246 4.36333 9.42027 3.88616 9.40991C3.36012 9.39848 2.34822 9.11082 1.59598 8.86494C0.673328 8.56335 -0.0599784 8.4039 0.00387615 7.89172C0.0371355 7.62494 0.402482 7.35211 1.09992 7.07323Z" fill="#092433"/>
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<span class="share__item-text">Telegram</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="article-content_content">
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="Intro">Введение </h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>В этом мануале разберем последовательную установку и настройку программного обеспечения Samba на Ubuntu 20.04. Шаги данной инструкции выполним на облачной инфраструктуре Selectel.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="What-is-Samba">Что такое Samba </h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><a href="https://www.samba.org/">Samba</a> — стандартный набор программ для взаимодействия с Windows для Linux и Unix. Это свободное программное обеспечение, лицензированное по GNU General Public License. С 1992 года Samba предоставляет безопасные, стабильные и быстрые услуги по работе с файлами и печатью для всех клиентов, использующих протокол SMB/CIFS, таких как все версии DOS и Windows, OS/2, Linux и многие другие.<br>Samba — важный компонент для беспрепятственной интеграции Linux/Unix-серверов и настольных компьютеров в среду Active Directory. Она может функционировать как в качестве контроллера домена, так и в качестве обычного члена домена.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex">
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66%">
|
||
<p>Говоря простыми словами, программное обеспечение Samba позволяет настроить файловое хранилище для совместного доступа с возможностью расширенной настройки прав доступа к директориям для групп, авторизованных пользователей, а также анонимный доступ без авторизации.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33%">
|
||
<a class="columns-flex_big-link" href="https://selectel.ru/blog/quiz-iron/" target="_blank">
|
||
|
||
<h4 class="columns-flex_right-accent">
|
||
Разбираетесь в железе? Пройдите тест и проверьте себя </h4>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="virtual-server">Подготовка виртуального сервера</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Для этой инструкции используется виртуальная среда Selectel. Панель управления расположена по адресу: <a href="https://my.selectel.ru/">https://my.selectel.ru/</a>.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Найдем в шапке <strong>Продукты</strong> → <strong>Облачные серверы</strong> и создадим новый сервер.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1221" height="503" src="https://selectel.ru/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2025-09-02_15-43-47.png" alt="" class="wp-image-68659" srcset="https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2025-09-02_15-43-47.png 1221w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2025-09-02_15-43-47-300x124.png 300w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2025-09-02_15-43-47-768x316.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1221px) 100vw, 1221px" /></figure>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Используем минимальную конфигурацию:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="wp-block-list">
|
||
<li>1 CPU,</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>1 ГБ оперативной памяти,</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>5 ГБ памяти на универсальном диске.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>В настройках надо выбрать образ операционной системы для установки.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>В данном случае это Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 64-bit из списка готовых конфигураций.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized is-style-rounded"><img decoding="async" width="639" height="566" src="https://selectel.ru/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Снимок-экрана-2025-09-02-в-15.45.55.png" alt="Создаем сервер." class="wp-image-68660" style="width:681px;height:auto" srcset="https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Снимок-экрана-2025-09-02-в-15.45.55.png 639w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Снимок-экрана-2025-09-02-в-15.45.55-300x266.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 639px) 100vw, 639px" /></figure>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Далее выбираем подходящую вам конфигурацию и настраиваем сеть.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized is-style-rounded"><img decoding="async" width="637" height="697" src="https://selectel.ru/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Снимок-экрана-2025-09-02-в-15.47.28.png" alt="Настраиваем сервер." class="wp-image-68661" style="width:667px;height:auto" srcset="https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Снимок-экрана-2025-09-02-в-15.47.28.png 637w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Снимок-экрана-2025-09-02-в-15.47.28-274x300.png 274w" sizes="(max-width: 637px) 100vw, 637px" /></figure>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Оставим себе root-пароль и создадим сервер. После этого в панели управления появится IP-адрес сервера. </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Подключимся к серверу по ssh и начнем настройку.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<form
|
||
class="registration-panel registration-panel--dark js-form-registration-panel"
|
||
novalidate
|
||
>
|
||
<div class="registration-panel__form-content" >
|
||
<h3 class="registration-panel__title">
|
||
Зарегистрируйтесь и начните использовать продукты Selectel прямо сейчас </h3>
|
||
|
||
<div class="registration-panel__main">
|
||
<div class="registration-panel__fields">
|
||
<div class="form_input-block">
|
||
<div class="form_cont">
|
||
<input
|
||
class="form_input form_input-email"
|
||
type="email"
|
||
name="email"
|
||
minlength="5"
|
||
maxlength="255"
|
||
placeholder="Электронная почта"
|
||
autocomplete="email"
|
||
required
|
||
/>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="form_error-text js-input-error-email"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="form_input-block">
|
||
<div class="form_cont">
|
||
<input
|
||
class="form_input form_input-password form_input-email--suffix"
|
||
type="password"
|
||
name="password"
|
||
minlength="12"
|
||
maxlength="255"
|
||
placeholder="Пароль"
|
||
autocomplete="current-password"
|
||
required
|
||
/>
|
||
<span class="input__suffix">
|
||
<svg width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="input__password-toggle"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.839 13.007a24.385 24.385 0 0 0-1.263 1.77 17.646 17.646 0 0 0-.416.678l-.024.041-.007.012-.002.004v.002a1 1 0 0 0-.001.972l.002.004.004.007.014.024a9.293 9.293 0 0 0 .234.392 24.779 24.779 0 0 0 3.413 4.294C8.123 23.537 11.614 26 16 26c2.527 0 4.757-.82 6.633-1.953l3.66 3.66a1 1 0 0 0 1.414-1.414l-22-22a1 1 0 0 0-1.414 1.414l3.4 3.4c-1.63 1.27-2.93 2.717-3.854 3.9Zm.417 2.855c-.03.049-.06.095-.088.138a22.786 22.786 0 0 0 3.039 3.793C9.377 21.963 12.385 24 16 24c1.9 0 3.634-.562 5.17-1.416l-2.413-2.412a5 5 0 0 1-6.929-6.929L9.12 10.534c-1.551 1.17-2.805 2.553-3.705 3.704a22.39 22.39 0 0 0-1.159 1.624ZM13 16a3 3 0 0 0 4.294 2.708l-4.002-4.002A2.98 2.98 0 0 0 13 16Z" fill="currentColor"/><path d="M14.187 8.171A9.705 9.705 0 0 1 16 8c3.614 0 6.623 2.038 8.793 4.207A22.784 22.784 0 0 1 27.832 16a23.067 23.067 0 0 1-2.577 3.316 1 1 0 1 0 1.458 1.368 25.067 25.067 0 0 0 2.332-2.893 21.272 21.272 0 0 0 .77-1.2l.042-.074.012-.021.003-.007.002-.003a1.003 1.003 0 0 0 0-.973l-.002-.003-.004-.007-.014-.024a9.298 9.298 0 0 0-.234-.392 24.781 24.781 0 0 0-3.413-4.294C23.877 8.463 20.385 6 16 6c-.754 0-1.484.073-2.187.207a1 1 0 0 0 .373 1.964Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg> </span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="form_error-text js-input-error-password"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="form_input-block">
|
||
<div class="form_cont">
|
||
<input
|
||
class="form_input form_input-repeat-password"
|
||
type="password"
|
||
name="repeat_password"
|
||
minlength="12"
|
||
maxlength="255"
|
||
placeholder="Повторите пароль"
|
||
autocomplete="current-password"
|
||
required
|
||
/>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="form_error-text js-input-error-repeat_password"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="registration-panel__confirm">
|
||
|
||
<div>
|
||
<div class="form_confirm-block">
|
||
<div class="form_confirm-input">
|
||
<input
|
||
class="form_input form_confirm-input-checkbox"
|
||
required
|
||
type="checkbox"
|
||
name="checkbox"
|
||
>
|
||
<div class="form_confirm-checkbox"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<label for="emailRequest" class="f-14">
|
||
<div class="checkbox__error js-input-error-subscription" style="margin-bottom: 2px;"></div>
|
||
|
||
<a href="https://files.selectel.ru/docs/ru/consent-to-personal-data-processing.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">
|
||
Соглашаюсь
|
||
</a>
|
||
на обработку персональных данных в соответствии с
|
||
<a href="https://files.selectel.ru/docs/ru/personal-data-processing-and-protection-policy.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">
|
||
Политикой
|
||
</a>
|
||
</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="checkbox__error js-input-error-checkbox" style="margin-left: 28px; margin-top: 8px"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="form_confirm-block">
|
||
<div class="form_confirm-input">
|
||
<input
|
||
class="form_input form_confirm-input-checkbox form_confirm-agree-news-letter"
|
||
type="checkbox"
|
||
name="subscription"
|
||
>
|
||
<div class="form_confirm-checkbox"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<label for="emailRequest" class="f-14">
|
||
<div class="checkbox__error js-input-error-checkbox" style="margin-bottom: 2px;"></div>
|
||
|
||
Я хочу получать новости о продуктах и услугах
|
||
</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="registration-panel__controls">
|
||
<button
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
class="form_btn-submit button button--colored button--medium button--light"
|
||
>
|
||
Зарегистрироваться
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="registration-panel__success-block" style="display: none;" role="alert" aria-live="polite">
|
||
<span class="s-20">
|
||
Аккаунт успешно создан.
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="s-20">
|
||
Панель управления открылась в новой вкладке.
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="registration-panel__error-block" style="display: none;" role="alert" aria-live="polite">
|
||
<span class="s-20">
|
||
Ошибка отправки <br>Перезагрузите страницу и отправьте форму еще раз.
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="registration-panel__blur"></div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Создание пользователя</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Создадим простого пользователя для дальнейшего тестирования подключения к настроенным директориям.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo useradd -p password selectel
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Опция <strong>-p</strong> разрешит задать пароль пользователя сразу, <strong>password </strong>— созданный пароль, <strong>selectel</strong> — создаваемый пользователь.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Перед дальнейшей настройкой обновим репозитории. Сделать это можно командой:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo apt update -y
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Настройка даты и времени</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>При первоначальной настройке файлового хранилища очень важно уделить внимание настройке даты и времени, чтобы избежать проблем в будущем при поиске необходимых файлов и директорий. </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Для настройки даты и времени используется утилита chrony. Ее демона можно добавить в автозагрузку сервера и время всегда будет актуальным. Отправим в терминал команду установки пакета:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo apt install chrony -y</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Вывод установки:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">Reading package lists... Done
|
||
Building dependency tree
|
||
Reading state information... Done
|
||
The following packages will be REMOVED:
|
||
systemd-timesyncd
|
||
The following NEW packages will be installed:
|
||
chrony
|
||
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 1 to remove and 5 not upgraded.
|
||
Need to get 220 kB of archives.
|
||
After this operation, 287 kB of additional disk space will be used.
|
||
Get:1 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 chrony amd64 3.5-6ubuntu6.2 [220 kB]
|
||
Fetched 220 kB in 0s (6903 kB/s)
|
||
dpkg: systemd-timesyncd: dependency problems, but removing anyway as you requested:
|
||
systemd depends on systemd-timesyncd | time-daemon; however:
|
||
Package systemd-timesyncd is to be removed.
|
||
Package time-daemon is not installed.
|
||
Package systemd-timesyncd which provides time-daemon is to be removed.
|
||
Package ntp which provides time-daemon is not installed.
|
||
systemd depends on systemd-timesyncd | time-daemon; however:
|
||
Package systemd-timesyncd is to be removed.
|
||
Package time-daemon is not installed.
|
||
Package systemd-timesyncd which provides time-daemon is to be removed.
|
||
Package ntp which provides time-daemon is not installed.
|
||
|
||
(Reading database ... 57118 files and directories currently installed.)
|
||
Removing systemd-timesyncd (245.4-4ubuntu3.13) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package chrony.
|
||
(Reading database ... 57105 files and directories currently installed.)
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../chrony_3.5-6ubuntu6.2_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking chrony (3.5-6ubuntu6.2) ...
|
||
Setting up chrony (3.5-6ubuntu6.2) ...
|
||
Creating '_chrony' system user/group for the chronyd daemon…
|
||
|
||
Creating config file /etc/chrony/chrony.conf with new version
|
||
|
||
Creating config file /etc/chrony/chrony.keys with new version
|
||
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/chronyd.service → /lib/systemd/system/chrony.service.
|
||
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/chrony.service → /lib/systemd/system/chrony.service.
|
||
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
|
||
Processing triggers for dbus (1.12.16-2ubuntu2.1) ...
|
||
Processing triggers for systemd (245.4-4ubuntu3.13) ...
|
||
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Добавим в автозагрузку сервера:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo systemctl enable chrony</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Вывод:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">Synchronizing state of chrony.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
|
||
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable chrony
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Запустим утилиту:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo systemctl start chrony
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Установим часовой пояс. Для данной инструкции используется Europe/Moscow. Команда: </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Moscow
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Проверим дату и время командой:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">date
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Вывод:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">Mon Dec 6 07:13:49 UTC 2021</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex">
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66%"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33%"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="Samba">Установка Samba</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Перейдем непосредственно к установке Samba на Ubuntu. Отправим в терминал команду:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo apt install samba -y</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Вывод:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">Reading package lists... Done
|
||
Building dependency tree
|
||
Reading state information... Done
|
||
The following additional packages will be installed:
|
||
libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data libavahi-common3 libcups2 libldb2 libtalloc2 libtevent0 libwbclient0 python3-crypto python3-dnspython
|
||
python3-ldb python3-samba python3-talloc python3-tdb samba-common samba-common-bin samba-libs tdb-tools
|
||
Suggested packages:
|
||
cups-common bind9 bind9utils ctdb ldb-tools smbldap-tools winbind heimdal-clients python3-markdown
|
||
Recommended packages:
|
||
python3-gpg attr python3-markdown samba-dsdb-modules samba-vfs-modules
|
||
The following NEW packages will be installed:
|
||
libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data libavahi-common3 libcups2 libldb2 libtalloc2 libtevent0 libwbclient0 python3-crypto python3-dnspython
|
||
python3-ldb python3-samba python3-talloc python3-tdb samba samba-common samba-common-bin samba-libs tdb-tools
|
||
0 upgraded, 19 newly installed, 0 to remove and 5 not upgraded.
|
||
Need to get 11.1 MB of archives.
|
||
After this operation, 71.6 MB of additional disk space will be used.
|
||
Get:1 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtalloc2 amd64 2.3.1-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [29.5 kB]
|
||
Get:2 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtevent0 amd64 0.10.2-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [35.6 kB]
|
||
Get:3 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libwbclient0 amd64 2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 [208 kB]
|
||
Get:4 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal/main amd64 python3-dnspython all 1.16.0-1build1 [89.1 kB]
|
||
Get:5 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal/main amd64 python3-crypto amd64 2.6.1-13ubuntu2 [237 kB]
|
||
Get:6 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libldb2 amd64 2:2.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 [140 kB]
|
||
Get:7 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 python3-ldb amd64 2:2.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 [38.3 kB]
|
||
Get:8 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 python3-tdb amd64 1.4.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [13.4 kB]
|
||
Get:9 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libavahi-common-data amd64 0.7-4ubuntu7.1 [21.4 kB]
|
||
Get:10 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libavahi-common3 amd64 0.7-4ubuntu7.1 [21.7 kB]
|
||
Get:11 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libavahi-client3 amd64 0.7-4ubuntu7.1 [25.5 kB]
|
||
Get:12 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libcups2 amd64 2.3.1-9ubuntu1.1 [233 kB]
|
||
Get:13 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 python3-talloc amd64 2.3.1-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [12.2 kB]
|
||
Get:14 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 samba-libs amd64 2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 [5753 kB]
|
||
Get:15 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 python3-samba amd64 2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 [2575 kB]
|
||
Get:16 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 samba-common all 2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 [68.3 kB]
|
||
Get:17 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 samba-common-bin amd64 2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 [556 kB]
|
||
Get:18 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 tdb-tools amd64 1.4.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [24.9 kB]
|
||
Get:19 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 samba amd64 2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 [1065 kB]
|
||
Fetched 11.1 MB in 0s (43.4 MB/s)
|
||
Preconfiguring packages ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package libtalloc2:amd64.
|
||
(Reading database ... 57147 files and directories currently installed.)
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../00-libtalloc2_2.3.1-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking libtalloc2:amd64 (2.3.1-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package libtevent0:amd64.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../01-libtevent0_0.10.2-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking libtevent0:amd64 (0.10.2-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package libwbclient0:amd64.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../02-libwbclient0_2%3a4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking libwbclient0:amd64 (2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package python3-dnspython.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../03-python3-dnspython_1.16.0-1build1_all.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking python3-dnspython (1.16.0-1build1) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package python3-crypto.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../04-python3-crypto_2.6.1-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking python3-crypto (2.6.1-13ubuntu2) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package libldb2:amd64.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../05-libldb2_2%3a2.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking libldb2:amd64 (2:2.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package python3-ldb.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../06-python3-ldb_2%3a2.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking python3-ldb (2:2.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package python3-tdb.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../07-python3-tdb_1.4.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking python3-tdb (1.4.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package libavahi-common-data:amd64.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../08-libavahi-common-data_0.7-4ubuntu7.1_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking libavahi-common-data:amd64 (0.7-4ubuntu7.1) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package libavahi-common3:amd64.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../09-libavahi-common3_0.7-4ubuntu7.1_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking libavahi-common3:amd64 (0.7-4ubuntu7.1) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package libavahi-client3:amd64.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../10-libavahi-client3_0.7-4ubuntu7.1_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking libavahi-client3:amd64 (0.7-4ubuntu7.1) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package libcups2:amd64.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../11-libcups2_2.3.1-9ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking libcups2:amd64 (2.3.1-9ubuntu1.1) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package python3-talloc:amd64.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../12-python3-talloc_2.3.1-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking python3-talloc:amd64 (2.3.1-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package samba-libs:amd64.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../13-samba-libs_2%3a4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking samba-libs:amd64 (2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package python3-samba.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../14-python3-samba_2%3a4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking python3-samba (2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package samba-common.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../15-samba-common_2%3a4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2_all.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking samba-common (2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package samba-common-bin.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../16-samba-common-bin_2%3a4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking samba-common-bin (2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package tdb-tools.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../17-tdb-tools_1.4.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking tdb-tools (1.4.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ...
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package samba.
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../18-samba_2%3a4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking samba (2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Setting up samba-common (2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
|
||
Creating config file /etc/samba/smb.conf with new version
|
||
Setting up libtalloc2:amd64 (2.3.1-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ...
|
||
Setting up python3-tdb (1.4.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ...
|
||
Setting up libtevent0:amd64 (0.10.2-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ...
|
||
Setting up libavahi-common-data:amd64 (0.7-4ubuntu7.1) ...
|
||
Setting up tdb-tools (1.4.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ...
|
||
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/tdbbackup.tdbtools to provide /usr/bin/tdbbackup (tdbbackup) in auto mode
|
||
Setting up python3-dnspython (1.16.0-1build1) ...
|
||
Setting up python3-crypto (2.6.1-13ubuntu2) ...
|
||
Setting up libldb2:amd64 (2:2.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Setting up python3-talloc:amd64 (2.3.1-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ...
|
||
Setting up libavahi-common3:amd64 (0.7-4ubuntu7.1) ...
|
||
Setting up libwbclient0:amd64 (2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Setting up python3-ldb (2:2.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Setting up libavahi-client3:amd64 (0.7-4ubuntu7.1) ...
|
||
Setting up libcups2:amd64 (2.3.1-9ubuntu1.1) ...
|
||
Setting up samba-libs:amd64 (2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Setting up python3-samba (2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Setting up samba-common-bin (2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Checking smb.conf with testparm
|
||
Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf
|
||
Loaded services file OK.
|
||
Weak crypto is allowed
|
||
Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE
|
||
|
||
Done
|
||
Setting up samba (2:4.13.14+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2) ...
|
||
Adding group `sambashare' (GID 121) ...
|
||
Done.
|
||
Samba is not being run as an AD Domain Controller: Masking samba-ad-dc.service
|
||
Please ignore the following error about deb-systemd-helper not finding those services.
|
||
(samba-ad-dc.service masked)
|
||
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nmbd.service → /lib/systemd/system/nmbd.service.
|
||
Failed to preset unit: Unit file /etc/systemd/system/samba-ad-dc.service is masked.
|
||
/usr/bin/deb-systemd-helper: error: systemctl preset failed on samba-ad-dc.service: No such file or directory
|
||
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smbd.service → /lib/systemd/system/smbd.service.
|
||
samba-ad-dc.service is a disabled or a static unit, not starting it.
|
||
Processing triggers for ufw (0.36-6ubuntu1) ...
|
||
Rules updated for profile 'Squid'
|
||
Skipped reloading firewall
|
||
Processing triggers for systemd (245.4-4ubuntu3.13) ...
|
||
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
|
||
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.2) ...
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Демон или сервис Samba называется smbd. Под таким именем и будем к нему обращаться.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Добавим сервис smbd в автозапуск:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo systemctl enable smbd
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Запустим:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo systemctl start smbd</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Проверим текущий статус:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo systemctl status smbd
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Далее перечислим оставшиеся команды управления сервисом smbd. Они могут потребоваться в дальнейшем в процессе эксплуатации Samba.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Остановить сервис:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo systemctl stop smbd</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Перезапуск демона:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo systemctl restart smbd</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Убрать из автозапуска:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo systemctl disable smbd</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Перечитать конфигурацию:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo systemctl reload smbd</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Результат проверки статуса:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">● smbd.service - Samba SMB Daemon
|
||
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/smbd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
|
||
Active: active (running) since Mon 2021-12-06 09:50:18 UTC; 26s ago
|
||
Docs: man:smbd(8)
|
||
man:samba(7)
|
||
man:smb.conf(5)
|
||
Main PID: 83137 (smbd)
|
||
Status: "smbd: ready to serve connections..."
|
||
Tasks: 4 (limit: 1105)
|
||
Memory: 7.2M
|
||
CGroup: /system.slice/smbd.service
|
||
├─83137 /usr/sbin/smbd --foreground --no-process-group
|
||
├─83139 /usr/sbin/smbd --foreground --no-process-group
|
||
├─83140 /usr/sbin/smbd --foreground --no-process-group
|
||
└─83141 /usr/sbin/smbd --foreground --no-process-group
|
||
|
||
Dec 06 09:50:18 apachi systemd[1]: Starting Samba SMB Daemon...
|
||
Dec 06 09:50:18 apachi systemd[1]: Started Samba SMB Daemon.
|
||
Dec 06 09:50:28 apachi systemd[1]: Reloading Samba SMB Daemon.
|
||
Dec 06 09:50:28 apachi systemd[1]: Reloaded Samba SMB Daemon.
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Если в настраиваемой системе включен брандмауэр ufw, необходимо добавить разрешающее правило для Samba:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo ufw allow Samba</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>или:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo ufw allow 445</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo ufw allow 137</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo ufw allow 138</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo ufw allow 139 </code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>В каждом правиле указан порт из диапазона, в котором работает Samba.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="Preparation-of-access">Предварительная подготовка доступа</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>В этой инструкции используется удаленный сервер, расположенный в интернете. Открывать прямой доступ по IP-адресу к ресурсам в таком случае нельзя. Поэтому перед дальнейшей настройкой будет организован VPN-туннель. Настраивать VPN для удаленного доступа в локальной сети не потребуется. Настройку мы произвели, следуя этой инструкции. </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>После получения доступа к удаленному серверу с использованием VPN-туннеля, сервер имеет адрес 10.8.0.1 </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Дальнейшие действия будут производиться с использованием этого адреса.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="Samba-setup">Настройка Samba</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Конфигурационный файл Samba расположен по следующему пути:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>/etc/samba/smb.conf</code></pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Лучше скопировать файл конфигурации по умолчанию, чтобы всегда оставлять себе возможность откатиться до дефолтных настроек Samba на Ubuntu. </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Копируем командой:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/res_smb.conf
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Далее оставим в файле конфигурации только те строки, которые используются в работе и не являются комментарием.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">grep -v '^ *#\|^ *$' /etc/samba/smb.conf | sudo tee /etc/samba/smb.conf
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>На выходе получаем файл конфигурации без комментариев и неиспользуемых директив. Вот так он выглядит:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">[global]
|
||
workgroup = WORKGROUP
|
||
server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)
|
||
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
|
||
max log size = 1000
|
||
logging = file
|
||
panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
|
||
server role = standalone server
|
||
obey pam restrictions = yes
|
||
unix password sync = yes
|
||
passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
|
||
passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .
|
||
pam password change = yes
|
||
map to guest = bad user
|
||
usershare allow guests = yes
|
||
[printers]
|
||
comment = All Printers
|
||
browseable = no
|
||
path = /var/spool/samba
|
||
printable = yes
|
||
guest ok = no
|
||
read only = yes
|
||
create mask = 0700
|
||
[print$]
|
||
comment = Printer Drivers
|
||
path = /var/lib/samba/printers
|
||
browseable = yes
|
||
read only = yes
|
||
guest ok = no
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>После сохранения конфигурации рекомендуется проверить ее работоспособность с помощью команды:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">testparm</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Вывод:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf
|
||
Loaded services file OK.
|
||
Weak crypto is allowed
|
||
Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE
|
||
|
||
Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions
|
||
|
||
# Global parameters
|
||
[global]
|
||
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
|
||
logging = file
|
||
map to guest = Bad User
|
||
max log size = 1000
|
||
obey pam restrictions = Yes
|
||
pam password change = Yes
|
||
panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
|
||
passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .
|
||
passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
|
||
server role = standalone server
|
||
server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)
|
||
unix password sync = Yes
|
||
usershare allow guests = Yes
|
||
idmap config * : backend = tdb
|
||
|
||
|
||
[printers]
|
||
browseable = No
|
||
comment = All Printers
|
||
create mask = 0700
|
||
path = /var/spool/samba
|
||
printable = Yes
|
||
|
||
|
||
[print$]
|
||
comment = Printer Drivers
|
||
path = /var/lib/samba/printers
|
||
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Настройка анонимного доступа к директории</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Для множества задач самым оптимальным и простым решением является настройка анонимного доступа к ресурсу. Это значит, что клиент имеет возможность обратиться к ресурсу на сервере без авторизации. Например, можно создать директорию с общим доступом, в которой хранится информация, которой не требуется безопасность.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Важно: данный способ используется очень редко. Это крайне небезопасно оставлять ресурс в таком состоянии. Обычно это делается для маленькой soho-сети в самых крайних случаях.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Создадим директорию, к которой будет предоставлен доступ:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo mkdir /var/anonimus_share
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>И добавим директории полные права для всех:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo chmod 775 /var/anonimus_share
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Директория var использована как пример, в реальных задачах может быть предоставлен доступ к папке с логами, чтобы их изучить без подключения к серверу, или создание папки с общим доступом для обмена файлами. Такие права также назначены в ознакомительных целях.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Следующим шагом будут внесены изменения в директивы конфигурационного файла, в данной инструкции для этих целей использован текстовый редактор nano.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Добавим в файл следующий директивы:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">[anonimus_share]
|
||
comment = Directory anonimus
|
||
path = /var/anonimus_share
|
||
public = yes
|
||
writable = yes
|
||
read only = no
|
||
guest ok = yes
|
||
create mask = 0775
|
||
directory mask = 0775
|
||
force create mode = 0775
|
||
force directory mode = 0775
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Рассмотрим более подробно:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>[anonimus_share]</strong> 一 имя ресурса, отображаемое клиенту при подключении<em>; </em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>comment = Directory anonimus</strong><em> </em>一<em> </em>комментарий;<em> </em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>path = /var/anonimus_share</strong><em> </em>一 директория, к которой предоставляем доступ<em>; </em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>public = yes</strong><em> </em>一 доступ на чтение всем авторизованным пользователям, также гостевым;<em> </em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>writable = yes</strong><em> </em>一 право записи в сетевой ресурс;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>read only = no</strong><em> </em>一 право на чтение, при значении директивы <em>no </em>一<em> </em>все пользователи получают право на создание директорий и файлов<em>; </em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>guest ok = yes</strong><em> </em>一 доступ гостевой учетной записи<em>; </em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="wp-block-list">
|
||
<li><strong>create mask = 0775</strong>; <em> </em></li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li><strong>directory mask = 0775</strong>; <em> </em></li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li><strong>force create mode = 0775</strong>; <em> </em></li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li><strong>force directory mode = 0775</strong>.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Эти директивы задают права доступа, назначаемые при создании новой директории или файла.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Конфигурационный файл теперь выглядит следующим образом:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash"> workgroup = WORKGROUP
|
||
server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)
|
||
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
|
||
max log size = 1000
|
||
logging = file
|
||
panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
|
||
server role = standalone server
|
||
obey pam restrictions = yes
|
||
unix password sync = yes
|
||
passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
|
||
passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .
|
||
pam password change = yes
|
||
map to guest = bad user
|
||
usershare allow guests = yes
|
||
[printers]
|
||
comment = All Printers
|
||
browseable = no
|
||
path = /var/spool/samba
|
||
printable = yes
|
||
guest ok = no
|
||
read only = yes
|
||
create mask = 0700
|
||
[print$]
|
||
comment = Printer Drivers
|
||
path = /var/lib/samba/printers
|
||
browseable = yes
|
||
read only = yes
|
||
guest ok = no
|
||
[anonimus_share]
|
||
comment = Directory anonimus
|
||
path = /var/anonimus_share
|
||
public = yes
|
||
writable = yes
|
||
read only = no
|
||
guest ok = yes
|
||
create mask = 0775
|
||
directory mask = 0775
|
||
force create mode = 0775
|
||
force directory mode = 0775
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>После внесения изменений перезапускаем демона Samba:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo systemctl restart smbd
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Произведем проверку подключения к ресурсу с операционной системы Windows.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex">
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66%"><div class="wp-block-image is-style-rounded">
|
||
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="796" height="405" src="https://selectel.ru/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-4.png" alt="" class="wp-image-42464" srcset="https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-4.png 796w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-4-300x153.png 300w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-4-768x391.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 796px) 100vw, 796px" /></figure></div></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33%"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Доступ к созданной директории есть. </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Настройка доступа по учетным данным пользователя</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Следующим этапом станет настройка доступа к директории по комбинации логин/пароль.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Для начала создадим директорию, которая станет тестовой, и назначим ей полный права:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo mkdir /var/acc_pass | sudo chmod 777 /var/acc_pass</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Внесем изменения в файл конфигурации:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Добавим следующий блок директив:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">[acc_pass]
|
||
comment = acc_pass
|
||
path = /var/acc_pass
|
||
public = no
|
||
writable = yes
|
||
read only = no
|
||
guest ok = no
|
||
create mask = 0775
|
||
directory mask = 0775
|
||
force create mode = 0775
|
||
force directory mode = 0775</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Большая часть указанных здесь настроек разобраны в предыдущем блоке. </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Остановимся только на новых:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>path = /var/acc_pass</strong> 一 путь до директории;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>public = no</strong><em> </em>一 запрет на публичный доступ к папке;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>guest ok = no</strong><em> </em>一 запрет гостевого подключения.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Добавим пользователя Samba:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo smbpasswd -a selectel
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Проверим подключение к директории:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex">
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66%"><div class="wp-block-image is-style-rounded">
|
||
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="887" height="656" src="https://selectel.ru/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-3.png" alt="" class="wp-image-42463" srcset="https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-3.png 887w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-3-300x222.png 300w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-3-768x568.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 887px) 100vw, 887px" /></figure></div></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33%"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>При попытке подключения происходит запрос комбинации логин/пароль. Вводим.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>После успешной авторизации происходит получение доступа к директории:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex">
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66%"><div class="wp-block-image is-style-rounded">
|
||
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="981" height="560" src="https://selectel.ru/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/pasted-image-0-3.png" alt="" class="wp-image-42462" srcset="https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/pasted-image-0-3.png 981w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/pasted-image-0-3-300x171.png 300w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/pasted-image-0-3-768x438.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 981px) 100vw, 981px" /></figure></div></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33%"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Настройка доступа для пользователей и групп</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Следующим этапом разберем доступ к директории для определенных пользователей и групп.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Создадим директорию и назначим ей полные права:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo mkdir /var/acc_gr_and_user | sudo chmod 777 /var/acc_gr_and_user
|
||
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Откроем файл конфигурации и добавим в него следующий блок директив:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">[acc_gr_and_user]
|
||
comment = acc_gr_and_user
|
||
path = /var/acc_gr_and_user
|
||
public = no
|
||
writable = no
|
||
read only = yes
|
||
guest ok = no
|
||
valid users = vlan48, selectel, @groupe1
|
||
write list = selectel
|
||
create mask = 0775
|
||
directory mask = 0775
|
||
force create mode = 0775
|
||
force directory mode = 0775
|
||
inherit owner = yes</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Разберем директивы:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>[acc_gr_and_user]</strong><em> </em>一 имя ресурса, отображаемое клиенту при подключении;<em> </em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>comment = acc_gr_and_user</strong> 一 комментарий;<em> </em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>path = /var/acc_gr_and_user</strong> 一 директория, к которой предоставляем доступ<em>; </em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>public = no</strong><em> </em>一 запрет на публичный доступ к папке<em>; </em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>writable = no</strong> и <strong>read only = yes </strong>一 разрешение на запись мы добавим для пользователей, перечисленных в директиве<em> </em><strong>write list</strong>, а для остальных оставим с запрет на запись, разрешив только чтение;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>guest ok = no</strong><em> </em>一 доступ гостевой учетной записи;<em> </em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>valid users = vlan48, selectel, @groupe1</strong> 一 пользователи и группы, которые имеют доступ к директории, где <strong>vlan48, selectel </strong>一пользователи, а <strong>@groupe1</strong><em> </em>一группа пользователей.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>write list = selectel</strong> 一 пользователи, которым разрешена запись в директории;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="wp-block-list">
|
||
<li><strong>create mask = 0775;<em> </em></strong></li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li><strong>directory mask = 0775; <em> </em></strong></li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li><strong>force create mode = 0775; <em> </em></strong></li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li><strong>force directory mode = 0775;</strong></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Эти 4 директивы задают права доступа назначаемые при создании новой директории или файла.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>inherit owner = yes</strong><em> </em>一 директива включает наследование владельца во время создания директорий и файлов.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Сохраняем файл, перезапускаем демона Samba:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo systemctl restart smbd</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="Connecting">Подключение к ресурсу </h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Для подключения к созданному ресурсу из операционной системы Windows используется проводник. Быстро открыть его можно, применив комбинацию клавиш Ctrl+E. Вводим необходимый путь в адресную строку проводника.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex">
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66%"><div class="wp-block-image is-style-rounded">
|
||
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1393" height="479" src="https://selectel.ru/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-2.png" alt="" class="wp-image-42461" srcset="https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-2.png 1393w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-2-300x103.png 300w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-2-768x264.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1393px) 100vw, 1393px" /></figure></div></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33%"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Путь в системах Windows пишется через обратный слеш, путь к сетевому ресурсу 一 через двойной обратный слеш. Можно также подключать ресурс как диск, если это не противоречит вашим правилам безопасности. В таком случае при включении рабочей станции не требуется каждый раз устанавливать соединение с ресурсом. </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Для выполнения этой процедуры в проводнике выберем вкладку <strong>Простой доступ, подключить как диск</strong><em>.</em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex">
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66%"><div class="wp-block-image is-style-rounded">
|
||
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="793" height="531" src="https://selectel.ru/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp.png" alt="" class="wp-image-42460" srcset="https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp.png 793w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-300x201.png 300w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/temp-768x514.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 793px) 100vw, 793px" /></figure></div></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33%"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>В открывшемся окне настроим букву для обозначения диска в системе и путь к ресурсу. Если учетная запись для авторизации в Samba отличается от учетной записи, под которой работает пользователь, можно использовать чекбокс <strong>Использовать другие учетные данные</strong>.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex">
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66%"><div class="wp-block-image is-style-rounded">
|
||
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="614" height="454" src="https://selectel.ru/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/pasted-image-0-2.png" alt="" class="wp-image-42459" srcset="https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/pasted-image-0-2.png 614w, https://6ef4e6a1-9d49-47ac-bfed-170f67a815cf.selcdn.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/pasted-image-0-2-300x222.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px" /></figure></div></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33%"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Теперь ресурс станет отображаться как диск при включении компьютера.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Linux</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Подключение из операционных систем Linux-семейства производится с использованием набора утилит cifs. Установим cifs-утилиты на Ubuntu.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo apt install cifs-utils -y
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Вывод установки:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">Reading package lists... Done
|
||
Building dependency tree
|
||
Reading state information... Done
|
||
Suggested packages:
|
||
keyutils smbclient winbind
|
||
The following NEW packages will be installed:
|
||
cifs-utils
|
||
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.
|
||
Need to get 82.5 kB of archives.
|
||
After this operation, 306 kB of additional disk space will be used.
|
||
Get:1 http://mirror.selectel.ru/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 cifs-utils amd64 2:6.9-1ubuntu0.1 [82.5 kB]
|
||
Fetched 82.5 kB in 0s (2439 kB/s)
|
||
Selecting previously unselected package cifs-utils.
|
||
(Reading database ... 45851 files and directories currently installed.)
|
||
Preparing to unpack .../cifs-utils_2%3a6.9-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...
|
||
Unpacking cifs-utils (2:6.9-1ubuntu0.1) ...
|
||
Setting up cifs-utils (2:6.9-1ubuntu0.1) ...
|
||
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/cifs-utils/idmapwb.so to provide /etc/cifs-utils/idmap-plugin (idmap-plugin) in auto mode
|
||
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Монтирование ресурса выглядит так:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">mount.cifs {ресурс} {путь к директории в которую монтируем } {-o опции}
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Как пример рассмотрим подключение к директории <strong>anonimus_share, </strong>расположенной на ресурсе 10.8.0.1 в директорию <strong>mnt:</strong></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">mount.cifs //10.8.0.1/anonimus_share /mnt</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Автоматическое монтирование директории происходит с использованием файла <strong>fstab</strong>. Для начала создадим дополнительный файл с учетными данными пользователя для авторизации. Оправданно будет создать этот файл в директории <strong>root</strong>.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo nano /root/.smbselus</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Внесем в файл следующие директивы:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">username=selectel
|
||
password=uspass</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Сохраняем и переходим к конфигурационному файлу <strong>fstab</strong>.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo nano /etc/fstab
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Добавляем в него следующий блок инструкций:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">//10.8.0.1/acc_gr_and_user /mnt cifs user,rw,credentials=/root/.smbselus 0 0
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Конкретизируем каждый пункт:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>//10.8.0.1/acc_gr_and_user<em> </em></strong>一 директория, которую необходимо смонтировать;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>/mnt </strong>一 директория, в которую необходимо смонтировать;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>cifs user </strong>一 разрешает монтировать любому пользователю;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>rw</strong> 一 предоставляет права на чтение и запись;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>credentials=/root/.smbselus</strong><em> </em>一 файл с учетными данными пользователя;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><em>0</em> используется утилитой dump 0 一 выключен;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><em>0</em> используется утилитой fsck 0 一 выключен.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>В некоторых случаях требуется добавить директиву <strong>domain</strong> в файл <strong>.smbselus.</strong></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Для более тонкой и детальной настройки всегда можно обратиться к <a href="https://smb-conf.ru/">документации продукта</a>. </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="network">Настройка сетевой корзины</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>По умолчанию файлы из директории удаляются совсем. При определенных условиях необходимо иметь возможность восстановить эти файлы. В Samba данная возможность реализована с использованием сетевой корзины. Алгоритм работы следующий: настраивается скрытый каталог, в который при удалении перемещаются файлы.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Первым этапом создадим директорию для корзины и назначим ей права:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo mkdir /var/recycle | sudo chmod 777 /var/recycle</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Внесем блок директив в конфигурационный файл: </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<pre class="article-code-block wp-block-code rendered-code ">
|
||
|
||
<code class="bash">[Recycle]
|
||
comment = rec_dir
|
||
path = /var/recycle
|
||
public = yes
|
||
browseable = yes
|
||
writable = yes
|
||
vfs objects = recycle
|
||
recycle:repository = .recycle/%U
|
||
recycle:keeptree = Yes
|
||
recycle:touch = Yes
|
||
recycle:versions = Yes
|
||
recycle:maxsize = 0
|
||
recycle:exclude = *.tmp, ~$*
|
||
recycle:exclude_dir = /tmp
|
||
</code>
|
||
</pre>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>Значения директив:</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>[Recycle]<em> </em></strong>一<em> </em>имя ресурса, отображаемое клиенту при подключении<em>; </em></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>comment = rec_dir </strong>一 комментарий;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>path = /var/recycle</strong><em> </em>一 директория, в которой размещена сетевая корзина.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>public = yes</strong> 一 доступ на чтение всем авторизованным пользователям, также гостевым; </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>browseable = yes </strong>一<strong><em> </em></strong>параметр устанавливает, будет ли общий ресурс отображаться в списке доступных общих ресурсов в сетевом окружении и в списке просмотра;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>writable = yes </strong>一 право записи в сетевой ресурс;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>vfs objects = recycle</strong><em> </em>一 использование подсистемы recycle;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>recycle:repository = .recycle/%U </strong>一 место хранения удаленных объектов. В этой директиве настроено попадание удаленных файлов в каталог с именем пользователя, который создается автоматически в директории .<strong>recycle;</strong></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>recycle:keeptree = Yes</strong><em> </em>一 удаление с сохранением дерева каталогов;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>recycle:touch = Yes<em> </em></strong>一 изменение даты при перемещении файла в сетевую корзину;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>recycle:versions = Yes </strong>一 добавление номера версии при удалении файлов с одинаковыми именами;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>recycle:maxsize = 0</strong><em> </em>一 параметр отвечает за максимальный размер файла, который может быть перемещен в корзину. При текущем значении возможно переместить файл любого размера;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>recycle:exclude = *.tmp, ~$* <em> </em></strong>一 исключение файлов заданного типа;</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>recycle:exclude_dir = /tmp</strong><em> </em>一 исключение директории заданного типа.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="Conclusion">Заключение</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p id="How-to-install-and-configure-Samba-on-Ubuntu-20.04">Мы разобрали процесс установки и настройки программного обеспечения Samba. В данном мануале также указаны ресурсы, на которых можно более детально увидеть значение необходимых директив. </p>
|
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<a class="tag f-12" href="https://selectel.ru/blog/tutorials/tag/cloud/">Облачные серверы</a> </div>
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<div class="promo-link_footer">
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<p class="promo-link_text f-18">И уже через пару минут сможете арендовать сервер, развернуть базы данных или обеспечить быструю доставку контента.</p>
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<h2 class="article_material-title related-posts-title">Читайте также</h2>
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<div>
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|
||
</a>
|
||
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<ul id="menu-footer-sub-menu" class="footer-submenu-list"><li id="menu-item-33580" class="menu-item footer-submenu-itemmenu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33580"><a class="footer-submenu-link button button--borderless button--light button--small" target="_balnk"target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://selectel.ru/investors/">Инвесторам</a></li>
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<li id="menu-item-33582" class="menu-item footer-submenu-itemmenu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33582"><a class="footer-submenu-link button button--borderless button--light button--small" target="_balnk"target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://selectel.ru/about/newsroom/materials/">Прессе</a></li>
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<li id="menu-item-33583" class="menu-item footer-submenu-itemmenu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33583"><a class="footer-submenu-link button button--borderless button--light button--small" target="_balnk"target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://docs.selectel.ru/">Документация</a></li>
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<li id="menu-item-33584" class="menu-item footer-submenu-itemmenu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33584"><a class="footer-submenu-link button button--borderless button--light button--small" target="_balnk"target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://selectel.ru/about/details/">Юристам</a></li>
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<li id="menu-item-33585" class="menu-item footer-submenu-itemmenu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33585"><a class="footer-submenu-link button button--borderless button--light button--small" target="_balnk"target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://selectel.ru/careers/">Карьера</a></li>
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<a class="footer-sub-menu__site-link button button--colored button--light button--small"
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href="https://selectel.ru" target="_blank">
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selectel.ru
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</a>
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</div>
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<div class="footer-copyright">
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<p class="footer-copyright__company r-14">
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© АО «Селектел», 2008–2026 </p>
|
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<div class="footer-copyright__content">
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<p class="footer-copyright__text r-14">
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Лицензия на телематические услуги № 176267
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</p>
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<p class="footer-copyright__text r-14">
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<a href="https://files.selectel.ru/docs/ru/personal-data-processing-and-protection-policy.pdf" target="_blank"
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class="footer-copyright__link">
|
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Политика в отношении обработки персональных данных
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